There are various terms on Bonsai and some of them are as follows:

CHOKKAN (upright trunk): Basic Bonsai shape. The branches should be balanced so that the tree looks like an old tree in the habitat.

SHAKAN (slanting trunk): Make the trunk slanted to recreate the tree slanted by the affect of wind.

KENGAI (Cascade): Bend the trunk so that it appears to be hanging from a cliff in the habitat.

BUNJINGI (Literati): Make the trunk and the branches uniquely curved so that it looks like a tree painted in BUNJINGA (noble person's painting, also called SUIBOKUGA). BUNJIN (noble people or monks) were fond of painting the unique landscape of nature in the earlier periods.

FUKINAGASHI (wind-swept): Bend the trunk and the branches to recreate the tree with its branch affected by strong wind in the habitat.

ISHIZUKI (on rock): Plant a tree on a rock so that it appears to be on a cliff or rock in the habitat.